Indo-Russian relations took root shortly before India’s Independence but began to blossom only in the 1960s and 1970s. In the present time, the relationship has developed to a degree that it can be characterized as “time-tested”. Over the past several decades, and particularly at the time of the Soviet Union, Indo-Russian relations had been marked by a high degree of political and strategic trust.

The two nations' military-specialized collaboration, in the meantime, has demonstrated uncommon levels of profundity throughout the years. For one, Russia has given India whole generation lines on military stages – from flying machine to tanks. The improvement of the Indian Navy, especially of the submarine armada, has been fundamentally upgraded through Russian collaboration. In the 1980s, the then-extraordinary rent of an atomic controlled submarine by the Soviet Union to India filled in as an indication of the interesting key confide in shared by the two nations.

India has longstanding and boundless collaboration with Russia in the field of security and defence. India-Russia military specialized participation has developed from a purchaser - merchant structure to one including joint research, improvement, and generation of cutting-edge barrier innovations and frameworks. The two nations additionally hold trades and preparing practices between their military every year. The joint military exercise "Indra 2016" was held in the Ussuriysk District in Vladivostok from 22 September - 02 October 2016. The yearly respective maritime exercise "Indra – Navy" occurred off the shore of Vishakhapatnam from 14-21 December 2016.

Conciliatory relations between the USSR and India were built up even before India authoritatively broadcasted freedom, and precisely one year after Winston Churchill's famous Iron Curtain discourse in Fulton began the Cold War. The worldwide standoff between two camps decided the idea of worldwide approach for quite a few years, including the particularities of Soviet-Indian relations. India, which ended up noticeably one of the originators and the perceived pioneer of the Non-Aligned Movement, was dependably observed as a dedicated partner in the battle against world dominion. What's more, the USSR, which had difficult issues with its relations with China in the 70s, was seen in India as a power that could contain Peking's expansionist desire, and subsequently turned into a characteristic partner.

The strong diplomatic relationship between India and Russia is based on five pillars:

1. Similar political and strategic perceptions of the world
2. Intensive military-technical cooperation
3. Strong economic bonds
4. Deep ties in science and technology
5. People-to-people and cultural links

Conventionally, the Indo-Russian strategic bond has been built on five major constituents:

• Politics
• Defense
• Civil nuclear energy
• Anti-terrorism co-operation
• Space

These five major components were highlighted in a speech given by former Indian Foreign Secretary Ranjan Mathai in Russia. However, in recent years a sixth component, economy, has grown tremendously, thus giving good opportunities to the citizens of both the countries. To strengthen this bond, both countries are looking forward to developing a free trade agreement. Bilateral trade between both countries in 2012 grew by over 24%.

India and Russia faithfully team up on issues of shared national scheming incorporating at the UN, BRICS, G20 and SCO where India has onlooker status and has been requested by Russia to turn into a full member. Russia additionally firmly bolsters India getting a changeless seat on the United Nations Security Council. What's more, Russia has vocally supported India joining the NSG and APEC. Additionally, it has likewise communicated enthusiasm for joining SAARC with onlooker status in which India is a founding member.

There are approximately 4,500 Indian students enrolled in various medical and technical institutions in the Russian Federation. This figure is gradually increasing as each year more and more number of students show interest in getting admission in Russia. About 90% of them pursue medical studies in about 20 universities/institutions across Russia. The students of India and Russia exchange publication and teaching materials as the syllabus in both the countries is based on international standards. Apart from this, various joint research activities are planned by the two countries at regular intervals to promote healthy interaction of ideas among the students.